Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do We Fall Ill
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Why Do We Fall Ill
Answers to Questions Within the Lesson(1)
Q1. Mention any two measures necessary for good health.
Ans: Two necessary measures for good health are:
(i) We should keep our surroundings clean. We should also maintain cleanliness in our home and personal hygiene.
(ii) To maintain good health, we should take a balanced diet.
Q2. Mention two measures necessary to get relief from diseases.
Ans: (i) By doing regular physical exercise, taking rest, and breathing clean air, we can get relief from diseases.
(ii) We should keep the surroundings of our house clean. We should not throw garbage or animal waste here and there. We should always take a balanced diet.
Q3. Are the answers to the above two questions the same or different? Why?
Ans: The answers to the above two questions are not always the same. This is because health may vary from person to person. For example, for a dancer, good health means the ability to present body movements gracefully. On the other hand, for a singer, good health means the ability to take in sufficient air through the lungs, which helps produce a melodious voice.
Answers to Questions Within the Lesson(2)
Q1. If you are ill and feel that you need to consult a doctor, mention three reasons for it. If there is only one reason, will you still go to the doctor? Why or why not?
Ans: If we suffer from three symptoms such as cough, stomach pain, or headache, we cannot accurately determine what disease we have. Therefore,
it is necessary to consult a doctor.
On the other hand, if only one symptom is present, we should still consult an elder or a doctor. Depending on the need, various tests may be conducted, and based on the results, appropriate medicine is prescribed.
Q2. Which of the following conditions can affect health? If yes, why? If you suffer from obesity, if you have lice, if you have ringworm.
Ans: If we suffer from obesity, it can harm our health. For example, it may lead to high blood pressure, joint pain, and effects on the liver.
Note: The original answer discusses only obesity and does not address lice and ringworm. A correct response should include that lice and ringworm are also health issues, as they are caused by parasites or fungi and can affect hygiene and well-being.
Answers to Questions Within the Lesson(3)
Q1. Why are we advised to eat bland and nutritious food when we are ill?
Ans: When we are ill, our immune system becomes weak. This system protects our body from disease-causing microorganisms. When it becomes weak, various diseases can attack the body, which may cause serious harm. To protect ourselves from such microorganisms, it is very important to strengthen our immune system. Therefore, we are advised to take nutritious food during illness.
Q2. Through what processes do communicable diseases spread?
Ans: Communicable diseases spread through the following processes:
(i) Through air,
(ii) Through direct contact,
(iii) Through indirect contact,
(iv) Through food,
(v) Through infected animals,
(vi) Through mosquitoes and other insects.
Q3. What measures have you taken in your school to prevent the spread of communicable diseases?
Ans: The following measures should be taken to prevent the spread of communicable diseases in school:
(i) The school surroundings should be kept clean.
(ii) Safe drinking water should be provided.
(iii) Toilets and urinals should be kept clean.
(iv) Vaccination arrangements should be made for students.
Q4. What is immunization?
Ans: Immunization is the process of protecting a person from a particular disease by introducing weakened or inactive pathogens into the body so that the body develops immunity against that disease.
Q5. What immunization facilities are available in your local health centre? What are the major health problems in your area?
Ans: The following facilities are available in the local health centre:
(i) As preventive measures: vaccines for tetanus, diphtheria, whooping cough, smallpox, polio, etc.
(ii) For pregnant women: vaccines for tetanus and hepatitis B.
(iii) For children: vaccines for tetanus, hepatitis A, diphtheria, etc.
Exercise: Questions and Answers
Q1. How many times did you fall ill during the last year? What were those diseases?
(a) What changes did you make in your habits to recover from those illnesses?
(b) What changes did you wish to make in your surroundings to prevent those illnesses?
Ans: Try to answer each of the above questions on your own.
Q2. A doctor/nurse/health worker comes into contact with sick people more often than others. How do they protect themselves from diseases?
Ans: A doctor/nurse/health worker protects themselves from diseases by the following measures:
(i) They wear a mask while treating patients with infectious diseases so that infection does not spread to them.
(ii) They wear gloves while treating cuts and wounds and clean their hands properly afterwards.
(iii) They take vaccines to develop immunity when there is a risk of infection.
(iv) They take special precautions while handling urine, stool, blood, etc.
Q4. A child cannot express that he or she is ill. In such a case, how will you help to know that—
(a) the child is ill?
(b) what is the cause of illness?
Ans:
(a) We can understand that the child is ill based on the following signs:
(i) Change in eye colour,
(ii) Watery eyes,
(iii) Continuous crying,
(iv) Body temperature, etc.
(b) The cause of illness can be understood as follows:
High fever and muscle pain may indicate malaria. Reduced movement may indicate stomach pain. Red eyes may indicate eye infection. Pale skin and yellow colour of urine and eyes may indicate jaundice.
Q5. In which of the following situations will a person be more likely to fall ill?
(a) When the person has recovered from malaria.
(b) When the person has recovered from malaria and takes care of a patient suffering from measles.
(c) When a person, after recovering from malaria, remains undernourished for four days and takes care of a patient suffering from measles.
Ans: (c) When a person, after recovering from malaria, remains weak(undernourished) and takes care of a measles patient, the chances of falling ill are higher.
Q6. In which of the following situations can you fall ill?
(a) When you study excessively for an examination.
(b) When you travel continuously for two days by bus and train.
(c) When your classmate suffers from smallpox. Why?
Ans: (c) When your classmate suffers from smallpox. Because smallpox is a communicable disease and can spread through contact or close proximity to the infected person.
Additional Questions & Answers
Q1. What is meant by ‘health’?
Ans: Health means being physically fit and active, able to work properly, and it also includes mental and environmental well-being.
Q2. What are acute and chronic diseases? Give one example of each.
Ans: Diseases that appear suddenly and last for a short period are called acute diseases. Example: common cold. Diseases that last for a long time or throughout life are called chronic diseases. Example: elephantiasis.
Q3. What harm can chronic diseases cause?
Ans: Chronic diseases can lead to loss of body weight, constant fatigue, and deterioration of overall health.
Q4. What are communicable diseases?
Ans: Diseases that spread through microorganisms from one person to another are called communicable diseases.
Q5. Name two diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
Ans: Diseases caused by viruses: common cold, influenza, dengue, fever, etc.
Diseases caused by bacteria: cholera, tuberculosis, anthrax, etc.
Diseases caused by fungi: ringworm, athlete’s foot, etc.
Q6. How do diseases spread?
Ans: Numerous pathogens can spread from an infected person to a healthyperson through various processes. Sometimes they spread directly without any intermediate host. Microorganisms generally spread from one person toanother. If a healthy person stays close to someone suffering from diseaseslike common cold or pneumonia, droplets containing germs released duringcoughing or sneezing can infect the healthy person. If the excreta of a cholerapatient contaminates water, the water becomes unsafe. When a healthy personuses this contaminated water, they may get cholera. Diseases like syphilis andAIDS spread from an infected person to a healthy person through sexual contact.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
Q1. What is the main reason we fall ill?
(a) lack of sleep
(b) disturbance in normal body functions
(c) eating more food
(d) playing games
Ans: (b)
Q2. Which of the following is a sign of good health?
(a) weakness
(b) frequent illness
(c) physical, mental, and social well-being
(d) laziness
Ans: (c)
Q3. Diseases that last for a short period are called:
(a) chronic diseases
(b) infectious diseases
(c) acute diseases
(d) genetic diseases
Ans: (c)
Q4. Which of the following is an example of an acute disease?
(a) tuberculosis
(b) common cold
(c) diabetes
(d) elephantiasis
Ans: (b)
Q5. Diseases that last for a long time are called:
(a) acute diseases
(b) chronic diseases
(c) viral diseases
(d) bacterial diseases
Ans: (b)
Q6. Which of the following is a chronic disease?
(a) cold
(b) cough
(c) elephantiasis
(d) fever
Ans: (c)
Q7. What does good health include?
(a) only physical fitness
(b) only mental fitness
(c) physical, mental, and social well-being
(d) absence of disease only
Ans: (c)
Q8. Which of the following is not a communicable disease?
(a) cholera
(b) tuberculosis
(c) diabetes
(d) influenza
Ans: (c)
Q9. Communicable diseases are caused by:
(a) lack of food
(b) microorganisms
(c) exercise
(d) heat
Ans: (b)
Q10. Which of the following spreads through air?
(a) cholera
(b) tuberculosis
(c) malaria
(d) ringworm
Ans: (b)
Q11. Which disease spreads through contaminated water?
(a) cholera
(b) influenza
(c) measles
(d) dengue
Ans: (a)
Q12. Malaria is caused by:
(a) virus
(b) bacteria
(c) protozoa
(d) fungus
Ans: (c)
Q13. Which of the following is transmitted by mosquitoes?
(a) tuberculosis
(b) malaria
(c) cholera
(d) typhoid
Ans: (b)
Q14. What is the main cause of non-communicable diseases?
(a) microorganisms
(b) lifestyle and genetic factors
(c) air
(d) water
Ans: (b)
Q15. Balanced diet helps in:
(a) causing diseases
(b) maintaining good health
(c) weakening immunity
(d) increasing infections
Ans: (b)
Q16. Immunity means:
(a) weakness of body
(b) ability to fight diseases
(c) eating food
(d) sleeping
Ans: (b)
Q17. Vaccination helps to:
(a) spread disease
(b) cure disease instantly
(c) develop immunity
(d) increase weight
Ans: (c)
Q18. Which of the following is a vector?
(a) air
(b) water
(c) mosquito
(d) soil
Ans: (c)
Q19. Tuberculosis mainly affects:
(a) heart
(b) lungs
(c) liver
(d) kidney
Ans: (b)
Q20. Which disease spreads through direct contact?
(a) ringworm
(b) cholera
(c) malaria
(d) dengue
Ans: (a)
Q21. Personal hygiene helps to:
(a) spread diseases
(b) prevent diseases
(c) cause weakness
(d) reduce immunity
Ans: (b)
Q22. Which of the following is not a vector-borne disease?
(a) dengue
(b) malaria
(c) cholera
(d) kala-azar
Ans: (c)
Q23. AIDS is caused by:
(a) bacteria
(b) virus
(c) fungus
(d) protozoa
Ans: (b)
Q24. Which of the following improves immunity?
(a) junk food
(b) balanced diet
(c) lack of sleep
(d) stress
Ans: (b)
Q25. Poor sanitation leads to:
(a) good health
(b) spread of diseases
(c) strong immunity
(d) fitness
Ans: (b)
Q26. Which of the following is a water-borne disease?
(a) typhoid
(b) tuberculosis
(c) measles
(d) chickenpox
Ans: (a)
Q27. Rest is important during illness because:
(a) it weakens body
(b) it helps recovery
(c) it spreads disease
(d) it causes infection
Ans: (b)
Q28. Which disease spreads through sexual contact?
(a) cholera
(b) malaria
(c) AIDS
(d) dengue
Ans: (c)
Q29. Overcrowding leads to:
(a) better health
(b) spread of communicable diseases
(c) immunity
(d) clean environment
Ans: (b)
Q30. Clean drinking water helps to:
(a) spread diseases
(b) prevent diseases
(c) increase infection
(d) reduce immunity
Ans: (b)
