Class 10 Geography Chapter 7 Practical Aspects of Geography
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Part IV: Practical Geography
Practical Aspects of Geography
Questions &Answers
1. What is a map? Prepare a list of its main components and explain each with diagrams.
Ans: A map is a reduced representation of the whole or a part of the Earth’s surface drawn on a flat surface according to a definite scale.
Main components of a map:
i. Title – It indicates what the map shows.
ii. Scale – The ratio between the actual distance and the distance shown on the map.
iii. Direction – Shows directions like North, South, East, and West. Usually, North is shown at the top.
iv. Conventional symbols – Symbols used to represent different features.
v. Index/Legend – Explanation of the symbols used in the map.
vi. Grid – Helps to locate places using latitudes and longitudes.
2. Draw any five conventional symbols used to represent natural features on a map and write their names.
Ans: Five conventional symbols of natural features:
i. River – Blue wavy line
ii. Mountain – Triangle or brown lines
iii. Lake – Blue enclosed shape
iv. Forest – Green tree symbols
v. Sand/dune – Dotted marks
3. Draw any five conventional symbols used to represent cultural features on a map and write their names.
Ans: Five conventional symbols of cultural features:
i. Road – Straight or double line
ii. Railway – Line with small cross marks
iii. Village – Small circle
iv. Town/City – Large circle or square
v. Post office/School – Specific symbol or abbreviation (P.O., Sch.)
4. Draw and name the conventional symbols of international, state, district, and subdivision boundaries.
Ans: Boundary symbols:
i. International boundary – Thick dashed line
ii. State boundary – Thin dashed line
iii. District boundary – Dotted line
iv. Subdivision boundary – Light dashed line
5. Draw the conventional symbols of the following features:
(a) Unmetalled road
(b) Spring
(c) Deciduous forest
(d) Fort
(e) Well
(f) Hut
(g) Inhabited village
Ans: Symbols:
(a) Unmetalled road – Two thin parallel lines
(b) Spring – Small blue line with a dot
(c) Deciduous forest – Green dots/tree symbols
(d) Fort – Square with a flag
(e) Well – Small circle with a dot inside
(f) Hut – Small triangle
(g) Inhabited village – Black circle
6. Using the grid system, draw the boundary map of Assam provided to you on another sheet and include essential elements.
Ans: Try yourself. First draw the grid, then copy the boundary of Assam in each square. Include title, scale, direction, and legend.
7. Practice representing major features like rivers, towns, national highways, national parks/sanctuaries, water bodies, and railways on the map of your district or state using conventional symbols.
Ans: Try yourself.
Rivers – Blue lines
Towns – Circles
National highways – Thick lines
National parks – Green shading
Water bodies – Blue shapes
Railways – Line with marks
8. On the map of your state, draw international and state boundaries correctly using conventional symbols.
Ans: Try yourself. Use thick dashed lines for international boundaries and thin dashed lines for state boundaries.
9. Describe the given map in three stages: (a) Introduction (b) Physical features (c) Cultural features.
Ans: Try yourself.
(a) Introduction – Name, location, and extent of the map.
(b) Physical features – Mountains, rivers, forests, water bodies.
(c) Cultural features – Towns, roads, railways, industries.
10. Write briefly about the importance and uses of map study.
Ans: Maps help in understanding location, distance, resources, and population distribution easily. They are very important in travel, planning, administration, and education.
Questions &Answers
1. What is scale?
Ans: Scale is the ratio between the distance shown on a map and the actual distance on the ground. There are three types:
i. Statement scale
ii. Representative fraction scale
iii. Linear scale
2. Explain the role of scale in map drawing with an example.
Ans: Scale helps to measure distances accurately on a map. For example, 1:100,000 means 1 cm on the map represents 1 km on the ground.
3. What is a statement scale? Discuss with an example.
Ans: A statement scale is expressed in words. For example, 1 cm represents 5 km.
4. What is meant by representative fraction scale? Mention its features.
Ans: It is a scale expressed in numerical form, such as 1:50,000.
Features: Same unit, easy calculation, universally applicable.
5. Write the features and importance of a linear scale.
Ans: A linear scale is drawn as a line divided into parts to show distance.
Features: It remains accurate even if the map is enlarged or reduced.
6. Convert the representative fraction scale 1:250,000 into a statement scale.
Ans: 1 cm = 250,000 cm = 2.5 km
Statement scale: 1 cm represents 2.5 km
7. Convert the statement scale 2 cm = 35 km into representative fraction.
Ans: 1 cm = 17.5 km
17.5 km = 17,50,000 cm
Representative fraction = 1 : 17,50,000
8. Draw a linear scale for RF 1:500,000 to measure at least up to 1 km.
Ans: Try yourself.
1 cm = 5 km
Draw a line and divide it at intervals of 5 km marking 0, 5, 10, 15 km.
9. Using the statement scale 2 inches = 5 miles, draw a linear scale to measure at least up to 1 mile.
Ans: Try yourself.
1 inch = 2.5 miles
Draw a line and divide it into smaller parts to represent up to 1 mile.
10. Short notes
(a) Diagram – Representation of data with figures.
(b) Bar diagram – Data shown using bars.
(c) Line diagram – Shows increase or decrease using lines.
(d) Pie diagram – Circle divided into parts to show percentages.
(e) Linear scale – A scale drawn as a line divided into parts to measure distance.
Additional Questions and Answers
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
1. What is a map?
(a) A spherical model of the Earth
(b) A small-scale representation of a part of the Earth
(c) A picture of the sky
(d) A list of rivers
Ans: (b)
2. Which of the following is not a main component of a map?
(a) Title
(b) Scale
(c) Temperature of the Sun
(d) Direction
Ans: (c)
3. 1:50,000 is which type of scale?
(a) Statement scale
(b) Linear scale
(c) Representative fraction
(d) Globe
Ans: (c)
4. How is a statement scale expressed?
(a) In numbers and ratio
(b) In words
(c) In symbols
(d) In colours
Ans: (b)
5. On a map, the north direction is usually shown:
(a) At the bottom
(b) On the right
(c) At the top
(d) On the left
Ans: (c)
6. Railway is which type of feature?
(a) Natural
(b) Man-made
(c) Mountainous
(d) Atmospheric
Ans: (b)
7. River is which type of feature?
(a) Cultural
(b) Political
(c) Natural
(d) Social
Ans: (c)
8. The main advantage of a linear scale is:
(a) It gives description
(b) It remains accurate even after enlargement or reduction
(c) It is colourful
(d) It shows only mountains
Ans: (b)
9. Grid system is used for:
(a) Drawing pictures
(b) Locating positions
(c) Singing songs
(d) Writing stories
Ans: (b)
10. 1 cm = 10 km is which type of scale?
(a) Statement scale
(b) Representative fraction
(c) Globe
(d) Sketch
Ans: (a)
11. International boundary is generally shown by:
(a) Straight line
(b) Thick dashed line
(c) Dots
(d) Circle
Ans: (b)
12. What is the explanation of symbols used in a map called?
(a) Title
(b) Legend
(c) Scale
(d) Grid
Ans: (b)
13. In 1:100,000, 1 cm represents:
(a) 1 km
(b) 10 km
(c) 1 metre
(d) 100 km
Ans: (a)
14. Pie diagram is used to show:
(a) Distance
(b) Percentage
(c) Mountains
(d) Roads
Ans: (b)
15. Forest is generally shown by which colour?
(a) Blue
(b) Green
(c) Red
(d) Black
Ans: (b)
Short Answer Type Questions (Mark: 1/2)
1. Write one difference between a map and a globe.
Ans: A globe is a spherical model, whereas a map is a representation drawn on a flat surface.
2. What are conventional symbols?
Ans: Conventional symbols are specific signs used on a map to represent different features.
3. Give two examples of natural features.
Ans: River and mountain.
4. Give two examples of cultural features.
Ans: Road and city.
5. Write one example of representative fraction.
Ans: 1:25,000.
6. What is the use of the grid system?
Ans: To determine the exact location of a place.
7. How is direction shown on a map?
Ans: By using a north arrow.
8. What is a statement scale?
Ans: A scale expressed in words is called a statement scale.
9. How is a linear scale drawn?
Ans: By drawing a line and dividing it into equal parts to represent distance.
10. What is the function of a legend?
Ans: It explains the symbols used in a map.
11. In 1:500,000, 1 cm represents how many kilometres?
Ans: 5 kilometres.
12. What does a pie diagram show?
Ans: It shows data in percentages.
13. When is a bar diagram used?
Ans: It is used to show comparative data.
14. Why is map study important?
Ans: To gain knowledge about location, distance, and resources.
15. What is an international boundary?
Ans: It is the boundary line between two countries.
