Class 9 Social Part 3A Chapter 1 Political Parties of India
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Part III: (a) Political Science
Political Parties of India
Lesson-Based Questions &Answers
Short Answer Type Questions
1. Name a country having a one-party system.
Ans: China is a country having a one-party system.
2. What type of party system exists in the United States of America?
Ans: The party system in the United States of America is called a two-party system.
3. Write two characteristics of political parties.
Ans: Two characteristics of political parties are:
(a) Political parties have certain definite principles, ideologies, and programmes.
(b) Political parties have the desire to attain power.
4. Mention one main function of a political party.
Ans: One main function of a political party is to increase political awareness among the people.
5. Name a regional party of Assam.
Ans: A regional party of Assam is “Asom Gana Parishad.”
6. What is the main regional party of Jharkhand?
Ans: The main regional party of Jharkhand is “Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.”
7. What is the full form of UPA?
Ans: The full form of UPA is United Progressive Alliance.
8. Which was the first political party of India?
Ans: The first political party of India was the Indian National Congress.
9. Under whose leadership was the “Indian Association” formed?
Ans: The “Indian Association” was formed under the leadership of Surendranath Banerjee.
10. Who was the first President of the Indian National Congress?
Ans: The first President of the Indian National Congress was WomeshChandra Bonnerjee.
Short Answer Type Questions
1. What is the main feature of the party system of India?
Ans: The main feature of the party system of India is the multi-party system. In India, both national and regional parties exist. Each party has its own ideology and objectives. The parties can participate in both State Legislative Assembly and Lok Sabha elections.
2. Which party system is most suitable for a democratic country?
Ans: A two-party system is considered most suitable for a democratic country. This is because such a system ensures a stable government with only one major opposition party, which can effectively point out the merits and demerits of the government. The election process also becomes more economical.
3. Mention four main characteristics of political parties.
Ans: The four main characteristics of political parties are:
(a) A political party works like an organization.
(b) It is based on certain principles, ideologies, and objectives.
(c) It has the desire to attain political power.
(d) It works for the broader national interest.
4. Name five regional parties.
Ans: Five regional parties in India are:
(1) Asom Gana Parishad (Assam)
(2) Shiv Sena (Maharashtra)
(3) Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (Jharkhand)
(4) Akali Dal (Punjab)
(5) Telugu Desam Party (Andhra Pradesh)
5. What is meant by a coalition government?
Ans: When no single party secures a majority in an election in a democratic country, several political parties come together to form a government.
Such a government formed by a combination of parties is called a coalition government. The parties maintain their individual ideologies while governing with a common programme.
Essay Type Question-Answers
1. What is meant by a coalition government? Under what circumstances is it formed?
Ans: A coalition government is formed when several political parties that win an election come together to form the government. It is generally formed in a democratic country when no single party is able to secure a majority in an election. In such a government, the participating parties maintain their own ideologies but govern based on a common programme.
2. Discuss two merits and two demerits of a coalition government.
Ans: Two merits of a coalition government are:
(a) All participating parties get an opportunity to fulfill their interests to some extent and gain administrative experience.
(b) The ruling group must respect the ideologies of all participating parties, reducing the chances of autocratic rule.
Two demerits are:
(a) The government may not function decisively as it has to satisfy all parties.
(b) Withdrawal of support by any party can lead to instability or collapse of the government.
3. Discuss the role of opposition political parties in a democracy.
Ans: Opposition parties play an important role in a democracy:
(a) They keep a check so that the ruling party does not act against national interest.
(b) They examine government policies and programmes and raise issues in the legislature when necessary.
(c) They remain ready to form an alternative government if required.
(d) They help in forming public opinion.
(e) They provide political education to the people and increase awareness about their responsibilities towards the nation.
4. Discuss the main causes for the emergence of regional political parties.
Ans: In some democratic countries of the world, especially in India, many regional political parties exist. Even though there are several national parties in a country, regional parties emerge due to the following reasons:
(a) Discriminatory policies of national parties.
(b) A sense of insecurity among minority communities.
(c) Ideological or policy conflicts among different ethnic groups, communities, and religions living within a country.
(d) The tendency of excessive centralization by the central government.
(e) Leaders who do not get a place in national parties form their own parties as an alternative.
(f) To create awareness among the people about local issues and to give importance to solving them politically.
5. Write about the importance of political parties in a democratic country.
Ans: Political parties are essential in a democracy because:
(a) Political parties have their own ideologies, principles, and objectives. Through the implementation of these, they help in the progress of a country.
(b) Political parties keep a close watch on the activities of the ruling class and can criticize the government, thereby preventing autocratic rule.
(c) Political parties are necessary to provide political education to the people and to make citizens aware of their responsibilities towards the nation.
(d) Through political parties, common people can participate in the governance of the country.
(e) Political parties are essential for safeguarding democracy and understanding the hopes and aspirations of the people.
6. Mention the characteristics and functions of political parties.
Ans: The main characteristics of political parties are:
(a) A political party works like an organization.
(b) It is based on certain principles, ideologies, and objectives.
(c) It has the desire to attain power.
(d) It works for the broader national interest.
The functions of political parties are:
(a) Creating political awareness among the people.
(b) Forming public opinion.
(c) Providing political education to the people.
(d) Preparing well-planned programmes to lead the country towards progress.
(e) Establishing coordination among people of different castes, communities, and religions.
7. Discuss the reasons why coalition governments have gained importance in recent times.
Ans: In recent times, coalition governments have gained importance due to the following reasons:
(a) When no party secures the required majority in elections, a coalition government can be formed. This avoids the cost of conducting fresh elections and reduces unnecessary expenditure.
(b) In a coalition government, along with national parties, regional parties also get an opportunity to participate, fulfilling their expectations.
(c) Coalition governments must respect the ideologies of all participating parties, promoting tolerance, cooperation, and a spirit of working together.
(d) The dominance of any single political party is reduced, preventing autocratic rule.
(e) Smaller political parties get importance and an opportunity to gain recognition at the national level.
Additional Questions and Answers
1. In which year was the first coalition government formed in India?
Ans: In 1977.
2. Name three countries having a multi-party system.
Ans: India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan.
3. In which year was the Muslim League formed?
Ans: In 1906.
4. In which year was the “Hindu Sabha” political party formed?
Ans: In 1916.
5. In which year was the Swaraj Party formed?
Ans: In 1922.
6. Under whose leadership was the Swaraj Party formed?
Ans: Under the leadership of Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru.
7. Where was the first session of the Indian National Congress held?
Ans: In Bombay.
8. DMK is a regional party of which state?
Ans: Tamil Nadu.
9. What is the name of the first regional political party of India?
Ans: DMK.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. Which is the first political party of India?
(a) Bharatiya Janata Party
(b) Indian National Congress
(c) Muslim League
(d) Swaraj Party
Ans: (b)
2. Which type of party system exists in India?
(a) One-party system
(b) Two-party system
(c) Multi-party system
(d) No-party system
Ans: (c)
3. Which country has a one-party system?
(a) India
(b) USA
(c) China
(d) UK
Ans: (c)
4. Which type of party system exists in the USA?
(a) Multi-party system
(b) Two-party system
(c) One-party system
(d) No-party system
Ans: (b)
5. What is the full form of UPA?
(a) United People’s Alliance
(b) United Progressive Alliance
(c) Union Political Alliance
(d) United Party Association
Ans: (b)
6. Which is a regional party of Assam?
(a) BJP
(b) Congress
(c) Asom Gana Parishad
(d) CPI
Ans: (c)
7. Which is a regional party of Jharkhand?
(a) DMK
(b) Shiv Sena
(c) Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
(d) Akali Dal
Ans: (c)
8. Who was the first President of the Indian National Congress?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) W.C. Bonnerjee
(d) Subhas Chandra Bose
Ans: (c)
9. Under whose leadership was the Indian Association formed?
(a) Gandhi
(b) Nehru
(c) Surendranath Banerjee
(d) Tilak
Ans: (c)
10. What is the main aim of a political party?
(a) Social service
(b) Religious work
(c) To attain power
(d) Education
Ans: (c)
11. What is a coalition government?
(a) Government by one party
(b) Government by military
(c) Government formed by several parties
(d) Government without elections
Ans: (c)
12. Which year was the first coalition government formed in India?
(a) 1947
(b) 1950
(c) 1967
(d) 1977
Ans: (d)
13. Which of the following is a regional party?
(a) BJP
(b) Congress
(c) DMK
(d) CPI
Ans: (c)
14. Which political party was formed in 1906?
(a) Congress
(b) Muslim League
(c) BJP
(d) Swaraj Party
Ans: (b)
15. Which party was formed in 1922?
(a) Muslim League
(b) Swaraj Party
(c) Congress
(d) DMK
Ans: (b)
16. What is the role of opposition in democracy?
(a) To support blindly
(b) To oppose development
(c) To check the government
(d) To rule the country
Ans: (c)
17. Which party system ensures stable government according to the lesson?
(a) Multi-party system
(b) Two-party system
(c) One-party system
(d) No-party system
Ans: (b)
18. Which of the following is not a feature of political parties?
(a) Ideology
(b) Aim to gain power
(c) No organization
(d) Programme
Ans: (c)
19. Which is a regional party of Maharashtra?
(a) DMK
(b) Shiv Sena
(c) AGP
(d) JMM
Ans: (b)
20. Which political party was formed in 1916?
(a) Muslim League
(b) Hindu Sabha
(c) Swaraj Party
(d) Congress
Ans: (b)
21. Which factor contributes to the rise of regional parties?
(a) National unity
(b) Centralization of power
(c) Globalization
(d) Industrialization
Ans: (b)
22. Which is a merit of coalition government?
(a) Dictatorship
(b) No opposition
(c) Inclusive representation
(d) Single ideology
Ans: (c)
23. Which is a demerit of coalition government?
(a) Stability
(b) Quick decisions
(c) Instability due to withdrawal of support
(d) Strong leadership
Ans: (c)
24. Which body conducts elections in India?
(a) Parliament
(b) Supreme Court
(c) Election Commission
(d) President
Ans: (c)
25. Which party was led by Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru?
(a) Congress
(b) Swaraj Party
(c) Muslim League
(d) BJP
Ans: (b)
26. Which alliance is formed by multiple parties?
(a) Single-party rule
(b) Coalition
(c) Monarchy
(d) Dictatorship
Ans: (b)
27. Which is the main function of political parties?
(a) Business
(b) Governance
(c) Entertainment
(d) Sports
Ans: (b)
28. Which of the following promotes political awareness?
(a) Schools
(b) Political parties
(c) Media only
(d) Judiciary
Ans: (b)
29. Which party is considered the first regional party of India?
(a) AGP
(b) DMK
(c) Shiv Sena
(d) Akali Dal
Ans: (b)
30. Which concept refers to rule by many parties?
(a) One-party system
(b) Two-party system
(c) Multi-party system
(d) Dictatorship
Ans: (c)
