Class 10 Social Part 3 (A) Political Science Chapter 2 International Organizations: United Nations and Others
Are you looking for SEBA Class 10 Social Part 3 (A) Political Science Chapter 2 International Organizations: United Nations and Others? You have come to the right place. This article provides complete notes, textbook solutions, important questions and answers, and exam-oriented study materials for Class 10 students.
This chapter introduces students to various international organizations and their role in maintaining global peace, security, and cooperation. Students will learn about the formation, objectives, structure, and functions of the United Nations and other important international organizations. The chapter also explains how these organizations work to promote human rights, economic development, international cooperation, and peaceful relations among nations.
All notes and answers are prepared in simple and easy-to-understand English, making learning easier and helping students prepare effectively for examinations. These study materials are highly useful for revision, class tests, annual examinations, and the HSLC board examination.
Part-III: (A) Political Science
International Organizations: United Nations and Others
Selected Questions &Answers
Very Short Answer Type Questions (Mark-1)
1. Where is the headquarters of Amnesty International located?
Ans: In London.
2. When was the Human Rights Commission under the United Nations formed?
Ans: In 1946.
3. Which day is observed as World Human Rights Day? HSLC ’17
Ans: 10 December.
4. What was the first international organization formed to establish peace in the world?
Ans: The League of Nations.
5. Which international organization was formed after the Second World War?
Ans: The United Nations.
6. Which is the largest organ of the United Nations?
Ans: The General Assembly.
7. How many times does the General Assembly meet in a year?
Ans: Once.
8. What is veto?
Ans: Veto is a special power of the permanent members of the Security Council. The use of veto by any permanent member can block a decision.
9. Where is the headquarters of FIFA located?
Ans: In Zurich.
10. Where is the headquarters of the International Cricket Council located?
Ans: In Dubai.
11. What is the total number of judges in the International Court of Justice? HSLC ’17
Ans: 15.
Short Answer Type Questions (Marks-2)
1. Why was the United Nations formed? HSLC ’20
Ans: The United Nations was established on 24 October 1945 to maintain international peace and security.
2. Mention two objectives of the United Nations. HSLC ’20
Ans: The two objectives are:
(a) To maintain international peace and security.
(b) To develop friendly relations among nations based on equal rights andself-determination.
3. What are the organs of the United Nations?
Ans: The organs of the United Nations are: (a) General Assembly, (b)Security Council, (c) Economic and Social Council, (d) Trusteeship Council, (e) International Court of Justice and (f) Secretariat.
4. Name two agencies associated with the United Nations.
Ans: (a) World Health Organization and (b) International Labour Organization.
5. Name two treaties related to disarmament.
Ans: (a) Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and (b) Seabed Arms Control Treaty.
6. Mention three main legal agreements of the World Trade Organization. HSLC ’17
Ans: The three legal agreements are:
(a) General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS).
(b) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
(c) Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS).
7. When did the UN General Assembly adopt the Universal Declaration of Human Rights? What is its main objective? HSLC ’17
Ans: The UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on 10 December 1948 with the support of 48 member states. The main objective is to protect the basic rights necessary for every individual to live with dignity.
8. Write the headquarters of the following international organizations: HSLC ’18
(a) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
Ans: (a) Kathmandu
(b) International Cricket Council
Ans: (b) Dubai
9. How is the Secretary-General of the United Nations appointed? Who was the first Secretary-General? HSLC ’19
Ans: The Secretary-General is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council. The first Secretary-General was Trygve Lie of Norway.
Essay-type Question-Answers
1. Discuss the objectives and principles of the United Nations.
Ans: The United Nations was established on 24 October 1945 with the objective of maintaining international peace and security. Its Charter contains a total of 111 Articles. The objectives of the United Nations are mentioned in Article 1, such as:
(a) To maintain international peace and security.
(b) To develop friendly relations among nations based on equal rights andself-determination.
(c) To solve international economic, social and cultural problems through cooperation and to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms for all individuals.
(d) To act as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in achieving these objectives. The main principles of the United Nations are:
(a) The UN is based on the principle of sovereign equality of all its members.
(b) All members must fulfill their obligations in accordance with the UNCharter.
(c) All members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means without endangering international peace, security and justice.
(d) Members shall refrain from the threat or use of force in international
relations.
(e) Members must assist the UN in any action it takes in accordance with the Charter and shall not assist any state against which the UN is taking preventive or enforcement action.
2. Write a note on the Security Council of the United Nations. HSLC’19
Ans: The Security Council is one of the most important organs of the United Nations. At the time of its formation, it had five permanent members and six non-permanent members. In 1963, by an amendment to Article 23 of the UN Charter, the number of non-permanent members was increased to ten. The five permanent members are the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia and China. For taking decisions on important matters, the approval of nine members, including all five permanent members, is required. The permanent members have the power of veto, and if any one of them uses this power, the decision cannot be adopted.
3. Write a note on the National Human Rights Commission of India. HSLC ’15, ’18, ’20
Ans: The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India was established on 8 January 1993 through the Protection of Human Rights Act. The composition of the Commission is as follows:
(a) The Chairperson must be a former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
(b) A former judge of the Supreme Court is a member.
(c) Apart from these, two persons having knowledge or practical experience in human rights are appointed as members. The functions and powers of the NHRC are:
(a) To review the safeguards provided by the Constitution for the protection of human rights and recommend improvements.
(b) To inspect jails and detention centres under state governments and study the conditions of inmates, and suggest reforms if necessary.
(c) To review the measures taken to combat terrorism.
(d) To study international treaties related to human rights.
(e) To intervene in court proceedings involving human rights violations with the approval of the court.
(f) To encourage the efforts of governmental and non-governmental organizations working in the field of human rights.
4. Discuss the powers and functions of the General Assembly of the United Nations. HSLC ’16
Ans: The General Assembly is one of the principal organs of the United Nations and consists of all member states. Each member state can send up to five representatives, but each state has only one vote. Its main powers and functions are:
(1) The General Assembly approves the budget of the United Nations. Without its approval, the budget cannot be implemented.
(2) It elects the Secretary-General along with the Security Council and also participates in the election of judges of the International Court of Justice.
(3) It has the power to amend the UN Charter. For amendment, a two-thirds majority is required along with ratification by all permanent members of the Security Council.
(4) It can discuss all matters within the scope of the UN Charter and make recommendations to the Security Council.
(5) It formulates policies for achieving the objectives of the UN and promotes human rights among member states.
(6) It supervises the work of other organs of the UN. All other organs,
including the Secretary-General, must submit annual reports to the General Assembly.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
Q. Who is the present Secretary-General of the United Nations?
(a) Antonio
(b) Antonio Guterres
(c) Antonio Oretteche
(d) None of the above
Ans: (b)
Q. Mention the date of United Nations Day. HSLC ’24
(a) 20 October
(b) 22 October
(c) 23 October
(d) 24 October
Ans: (d)
Q. When did the First World War begin?
(a) 1911
(b) 1912
(c) 1913
(d) 1914
Ans: (d)
Q. When was the League of Nations formed?
(a) 20 January 1910
(b) 20 January 1920
(c) 15 January 1915
(d) 15 January 1920
Ans: (b)
Q. What is the present number of member states of the United Nations? HSLC ’24
(a) 190
(b) 191
(c) 193
(d) 194
Ans: (c)
Q. Where is the headquarters of the United Nations located?
(a) New York, USA
(b) China
(c) New Delhi
(d) Russia
Ans: (a)
Q. How many principal organs does the United Nations have?
(a) 5
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 10
Ans: (b)
Q. Where was the headquarters of the League of Nations located?
(a) Brussels
(b) Singapore
(c) Kathmandu
(d) Geneva
Ans: (d)
Q. At the time of formation, how many members were there in the Economic and Social Council?
(a) 15
(b) 18
(c) 19
(d) 20
Ans: (b)
Q. Which Indian President attended the 1970 conference of the International Labour Organization (ILO)?
(a) Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
(b) V. V. Giri
(c) S. Radhakrishnan
(d) None of the above
Ans: (b)
Q. What is the total number of judges in the International Court of Justice?
(a) 11
(b) 15
(c) 9
(d) 5
Ans: (b)
Q. Which day is observed as World Human Rights Day?
(a) 24 October
(b) 27 September
(c) 5 June
(d) 10 December
Ans: (d)
Q. When was the United Nations established?
(a) 24 October 1945
(b) 25 October 1946
(c) 25 October 1955
(d) 24 October 1955
Ans: (a)
Q. How many countries signed the UN Charter?
(a) 20
(b) 51
(c) 52
(d) 53
Ans: (b)
Q. How many Articles are there in the UN Charter?
(a) 109
(b) 110
(c) 111
(d) 112
Ans: (c)
Q. Which day is observed as Human Rights Day?
(a) 10 January
(b) 10 February
(c) 10 December
(d) 10 October
Ans: (c)
Q. What was the first organization formed to establish world peace?
(a) United Nations
(b) League of Nations
(c) International Union
(d) None
Ans: (b)
Q. Where is the headquarters of the World Economic Forum located?
(a) Zurich
(b) Kathmandu
(c) Geneva
(d) Dubai
Ans: (c)
