Class 11 Biology MCQ Chapter 16 Excretory Products and Their Elimination
Searching for Class 11 Biology MCQ Chapter 16 Excretory Products and Their Elimination English Medium? You are in the right place. This article contains important MCQ questions with answers that will help AHSEC Higher Secondary First Year students prepare effectively for Biology examinations.
The chapter Excretory Products and Their Elimination deals with the process by which the human body removes metabolic waste products. Students will learn about excretion, human excretory organs, the structure and function of the kidney, nephron, urine formation, osmoregulation, and common disorders of the excretory system. Understanding these topics is important for learning how the body maintains a healthy internal environment.
The MCQs provided here are prepared according to the latest AHSEC syllabus and exam pattern. These questions are useful for quick revision and help students understand key concepts in a simple way. Regular practice can improve memory, strengthen concepts, and increase confidence before examinations.
Whether you are preparing for class tests, annual examinations, or the AHSEC HS First Year Final Examination, these MCQ solutions will help you revise the chapter thoroughly and score better marks in Biology.
Unit V. Human Physiology
Excretory Products and Their Elimination
VSA & MCQ
I. Short Answer Questions (1 Mark Each)
1. What is excretion?
Ans: Excretion is the process of removal of metabolic waste products from the body.
2. What are nitrogenous wastes?
Ans: Waste products like ammonia, urea, and uric acid formed from protein metabolism.
3. What is a nephron?
Ans: The structural and functional unit of the kidney.
4. What is ultrafiltration?
Ans: Filtration of blood under pressure in the glomerulus to form filtrate.
5. What is GFR?
Ans: Glomerular Filtration Rate; volume of filtrate formed per minute (~125 mL/min).
6. What is tubular reabsorption?
Ans: Reabsorption of useful substances from filtrate back into blood.
7. What is tubular secretion?
Ans: Addition of waste substances from blood into the filtrate.
8. What is micturition?
Ans: The process of expelling urine from the bladder.
9. What is osmoregulation?
Ans: Maintenance of water and salt balance in the body.
10. What is ADH?
Ans: Antidiuretic hormone that increases water reabsorption in kidneys.
11. What is dialysis?
Ans: Artificial removal of waste from blood when kidneys fail.
12. What is counter-current mechanism?
Ans: Mechanism in Henle’s loop that helps concentrate urine.
13. What is ammonotelism?
Ans: Excretion of ammonia (seen in aquatic animals).
14. What is ureotelism?
Ans: Excretion of urea (seen in mammals).
15. What is uricotelism?
Ans: Excretion of uric acid (seen in birds and reptiles).
II. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
1. The functional unit of kidney is:
(a) Neuron
(b) Nephron
(c) Alveoli
(d) Glomerulus
Ans: (b)
2. Filtration occurs in:
(a) Loop of Henle
(b) Bowman’s capsule
(c) Glomerulus
(d) Collecting duct
Ans: (c)
3. GFR in humans is about:
(a) 50 mL/min
(b) 75 mL/min
(c) 125 mL/min
(d) 200 mL/min
Ans: (c)
4. Ammonia is excreted by:
(a) Birds
(b) Mammals
(c) Bony fish
(d) Reptiles
Ans: (c)
5. Urea is formed in:
(a) Kidney
(b) Liver
(c) Heart
(d) Lungs
Ans: (b)
6. Uric acid is excreted by:
(a) Fish
(b) Amphibians
(c) Birds
(d) Mammals
Ans: (c)
7. ADH is secreted by:
(a) Thyroid
(b) Pituitary
(c) Adrenal
(d) Pancreas
Ans: (b)
8. ADH increases:
(a) Urine volume
(b) Water loss
(c) Water reabsorption
(d) Filtration
Ans: (c)
9. Loop of Henle helps in:
(a) Filtration
(b) Digestion
(c) Urine concentration
(d) Circulation
Ans: (c)
10. Vasa recta is:
(a) Nerve
(b) Capillary loop
(c) Tubule
(d) Gland
Ans: (b)
11. Bowman’s capsule contains:
(a) Urine
(b) Blood
(c) Filtrate
(d) Oxygen
Ans: (c)
12. Dialysis removes:
(a) Oxygen
(b) Glucose
(c) Wastes
(d) Proteins
Ans: (c)
13. Kidneys regulate:
(a) Digestion
(b) Temperature
(c) Water balance
(d) Vision
Ans: (c)
14. Renin is released by:
(a) Liver
(b) JGA
(c) Heart
(d) Lungs
Ans: (b)
15. Micturition is controlled by:
(a) Brain
(b) Reflex
(c) Hormones
(d) Enzymes
Ans: (b)
16. Urine is stored in:
(a) Kidney
(b) Ureter
(c) Bladder
(d) Urethra
Ans: (c)
17. Glucose is reabsorbed in:
(a) DCT
(b) PCT
(c) Loop
(d) CD
Ans: (b)
18. Maximum reabsorption occurs in:
(a) PCT
(b) DCT
(c) Loop
(d) CD
Ans: (a)
19. The kidney is located in:
(a) Thorax
(b) Abdomen
(c) Head
(d) Pelvis
Ans: (b)
20. Urine formation involves:
(a) 1 step
(b) 2 steps
(c) 3 steps
(d) 4 steps
Ans: (c)
21. Protein-free filtrate is formed in:
(a) Loop
(b) Glomerulus
(c) DCT
(d) CD
Ans: (b)
22. Dialysis fluid lacks:
(a) Salts
(b) Glucose
(c) Wastes
(d) Water
Ans: (c)
23. Sweat contains:
(a) Only water
(b) Water and salts
(c) Only salts
(d) Only urea
Ans: (b)
24. Lungs excrete:
(a) Urea
(b) CO₂
(c) Glucose
(d) Protein
Ans: (b)
25. Liver excretes:
(a) Oxygen
(b) Bile pigments
(c) Glucose
(d) Water
Ans: (b)
26. The ureter connects:
(a) Kidney to bladder
(b) Bladder to urethra
(c) Kidney to heart
(d) Bladder to kidney
Ans: (a)
27. Urine exits through:
(a) Ureter
(b) Urethra
(c) Kidney
(d) Nephron
Ans: (b)
28. Counter-current mechanism occurs in:
(a) PCT
(b) Loop of Henle
(c) DCT
(d) Bladder
Ans: (b)
29. Osmoregulation maintains:
(a) Temperature
(b) Salt balance
(c) Blood pressure only
(d) Digestion
Ans: (b)
30. Human excretes urea about:
(a) 5 g/day
(b) 10 g/day
(c) 25–30 g/day
(d) 50 g/day
Ans: (c)
