Class 11 Physics MCQ Chapter 12 Thermodynamics English Medium
Looking for Class 11 Physics MCQ Chapter 12 Thermodynamics English Medium? This article is a helpful study resource for AHSEC Higher Secondary First Year students who want to practice important multiple-choice questions and strengthen their understanding of Physics.
The chapter Thermodynamics deals with the relationship between heat, work, and energy. Students will learn about thermodynamic systems, thermal equilibrium, internal energy, heat transfer, work done by gases, the First Law of Thermodynamics, and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. These concepts are essential for understanding energy transformations in physical and natural processes.
The MCQs provided here are prepared according to the latest AHSEC syllabus and examination pattern. They are designed to help students revise important concepts, improve analytical skills, and become familiar with objective questions commonly asked in examinations. Regular practice can enhance conceptual clarity and boost confidence before exams.
Whether you are preparing for class tests, annual examinations, or the AHSEC HS First Year Final Examination, these MCQ solutions will help you revise the chapter effectively and achieve better results in Physics.
Part II
Class 11 Physics MCQ Chapter 12 Thermodynamics English Medium
VSA & MCQs
I. Very Short Answer (VSA) Questions with Answers
Q. What is thermodynamics?
Ans: Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and energy.
Q. What is a thermodynamic system?
Ans: A specified part of the universe chosen for study is called a thermodynamic system.
Q. What is surroundings?
Ans: Everything outside the thermodynamic system is called the surroundings.
Q. What is a closed system?
Ans: A system that exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings.
Q. What is an open system?
Ans: A system that exchanges both matter and energy with its surroundings.
Q. What is an isolated system?
Ans: A system that exchanges neither matter nor energy with its surroundings.
Q. Define internal energy.
Ans: Internal energy is the total energy possessed by molecules of a system.
Q. What is work done in thermodynamics?
Ans: Work done is the energy transferred when a force causes displacement.
Q. State the first law of thermodynamics.
Ans: Heat supplied to a system equals the increase in internal energy plus the work done by the system.
Q. What is an isothermal process?
Ans: A process in which the temperature remains constant.
Q. What is an adiabatic process?
Ans: A process in which no heat is exchanged with the surroundings.
Q. What is an isobaric process?
Ans: A process occurring at constant pressure.
Q. What is an isochoric process?
Ans: A process occurring at constant volume.
Q. What is a cyclic process?
Ans: A process in which the system returns to its initial state.
Q. What is a heat engine?
Ans: A device that converts heat energy into mechanical work.
Q. What is the efficiency of a heat engine?
Ans: Ratio of work output to heat supplied.
Q. State the second law of thermodynamics.
Ans: Heat cannot flow naturally from a colder body to a hotter body.
Q. What is entropy?
Ans: Entropy is the measure of the disorder of a system.
Q. What is a reversible process?
Ans: A process that can be reversed without any loss of energy.
Q. What is an irreversible process?
Ans: A process that cannot be completely reversed.
Q. What is thermal equilibrium?
Ans: A condition in which two bodies have the same temperature.
Q. What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics?
Ans: If two bodies are separately in thermal equilibrium with a third body, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
Q. Thermodynamics mainly deals with:
(a) Motion
(b) Heat and energy
(c) Electricity
(d) Magnetism
Ans: (b) Heat and energy
Q. The SI unit of heat is:
(a) Calorie
(b) Joule
(c) Watt
(d) Pascal
Ans: (b) Joule
Q. In an isothermal process, the temperature remains:
(a) Zero
(b) Constant
(c) Variable
(d) Infinite
Ans: (b) Constant
Q. In an adiabatic process, heat exchange is:
(a) Maximum
(b) Minimum
(c) Zero
(d) Infinite
Ans: (c) Zero
Q. The first law of thermodynamics is based on conservation of:
(a) Mass
(b) Momentum
(c) Energy
(d) Force
Ans: (c) Energy
Q. The relation (Q=\Delta U+W) represents:
(a) Newton’s law
(b) First law of thermodynamics
(c) Boyle’s law
(d) Charles’ law
Ans: (b) First law of thermodynamics
Q. In an isochoric process, which quantity remains constant?
(a) Pressure
(b) Temperature
(c) Volume
(d) Heat
Ans: (c) Volume
Q. In an isobaric process, which quantity remains constant?
(a) Pressure
(b) Volume
(c) Temperature
(d) Internal energy
Ans: (a) Pressure
Q. Work done in an isochoric process is:
(a) Maximum
(b) Minimum
(c) Zero
(d) Infinite
Ans: (c) Zero
Q. A heat engine converts:
(a) Work into heat
(b) Heat into work
(c) Matter into energy
(d) Energy into mass
Ans: (b) Heat into work
Q. The efficiency of a heat engine is always:
(a) Greater than 100%
(b) Equal to 100%
(c) Less than 100%
(d) Zero always
Ans: (c) Less than 100%
Q. Entropy is a measure of:
(a) Heat
(b) Work
(c) Disorder
(d) Pressure
Ans: (c) Disorder
Q. In thermal equilibrium, two bodies have the same:
(a) Pressure
(b) Volume
(c) Temperature
(d) Density
Ans: (c) Temperature
Q. The SI unit of entropy is:
(a) J/K
(b) Joule
(c) Watt
(d) Pascal
Ans: (a) J/K
Q. Which process occurs at constant pressure?
(a) Isothermal
(b) Adiabatic
(c) Isobaric
(d) Isochoric
Ans: (c) Isobaric
Q. Which process occurs at constant volume?
(a) Isobaric
(b) Isothermal
(c) Adiabatic
(d) Isochoric
Ans: (d) Isochoric
Q. The internal energy of an ideal gas depends upon:
(a) Pressure only
(b) Volume only
(c) Temperature only
(d) Density only
Ans: (c) Temperature only
Q. Heat naturally flows from:
(a) Cold body to hot body
(b) Hot body to cold body
(c) Low pressure to high pressure
(d) Vacuum to matter
Ans: (b) Hot body to cold body
Q. Which law defines temperature?
(a) First law
(b) Second law
(c) Zeroth law
(d) Newton’s law
Ans: (c) Zeroth law
Q. In a cyclic process, the change in internal energy is:
(a) Maximum
(b) Minimum
(c) Zero
(d) Infinite
Ans: (c) Zero
Q. The SI unit of internal energy is:
(a) Joule
(b) Kelvin
(c) Pascal
(d) Watt
Ans: (a) Joule
Q. Which process has no heat exchange?
(a) Isothermal
(b) Adiabatic
(c) Isobaric
(d) Isochoric
Ans: (b) Adiabatic
Q. The work done by gas is positive when gas:
(a) Contracts
(b) Expands
(c) Cools
(d) Freezes
Ans: (b) Expands
Q. Which quantity remains constant during the isothermal expansion of an ideal gas?
(a) Pressure
(b) Volume
(c) Temperature
(d) Density
Ans: (c) Temperature
Q. The process that can be reversed completely is called:
(a) Cyclic process
(b) Reversible process
(c) Irreversible process
(d) Adiabatic process
Ans: (b) Reversible process
Q. The second law of thermodynamics is related to:
(a) Conservation of energy
(b) Direction of heat flow
(c) Pressure
(d) Density
Ans: (b) Direction of heat flow
Q. Which quantity is a state function?
(a) Heat
(b) Work
(c) Internal energy
(d) Force
Ans: (c) Internal energy
Q. A refrigerator works on:
(a) Conversion of heat into work
(b) Transfer of heat from cold body to hot body using external work
(c) Conservation of mass
(d) Nuclear energy
Ans: (b) Transfer of heat from cold body to hot body using external work
Q. During adiabatic compression, the temperature of the gas:
(a) Decreases
(b) Remains constant
(c) Increases
(d) Becomes zero
Ans: (c) Increases
Q. Assertion (A): Work done in an isochoric process is zero.
Reason (R): Volume remains constant in an isochoric process.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q. Assertion (A): Heat cannot flow naturally from cold body to hot body.
Reason (R): This statement follows the second law of thermodynamics.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q. Assertion (A): The internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature.
Reason (R): Kinetic energy of gas molecules depends on temperature.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q. Assertion (A): The entropy of an isolated system tends to increase.
Reason (R): Natural processes are irreversible.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q. Assertion (A): No heat exchange occurs in an adiabatic process.
Reason (R): The system is perfectly insulated from the surroundings.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q. Assertion (A): The efficiency of a heat engine can never be 100%.
Reason (R): Some heat is always lost to the surroundings.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q. Assertion (A): The zeroth law of thermodynamics helps in the measurement of temperature.
Reason (R): It defines thermal equilibrium between systems.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
