Class 9 General Science Chapter 6 Tissues
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Class 9 General Science Chapter 6 Tissues
Answers to Questions Within the Lesson(1)
1. Q. What is a tissue?
Ans: A tissue is a group of cells having a common origin, similar structure, and shape that perform a specific function.
2. Q. What are the functions of tissues in multicellular organisms?
Ans: In multicellular organisms, cells acquire different characteristics to perform various functions. As a result, the structure and shape of cells in different parts or organs of the body differ. For specific functions such as digestion, excretion, respiration, etc., similar cells come together to form tissues.
Answers to Questions Within the Lesson(2)
1. Q. Write the names of different types of simple tissues.
Ans: The different types of simple tissues are—
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma, and
(c) Chlorenchyma.
2. Q. Where is apical meristem found?
Ans: Apical meristem is found at the growing tips of roots and stems of plants.
3. Q. Which tissue forms the husk of coconut?
Ans: Sclerenchyma.
4. Q. What is phloem tissue made of?
Ans: Phloem tissue is composed of four types of cells—
(a) Sieve tubes,
(b) Companion cells,
(c) Phloem parenchyma, and
(d) Phloem fibres (bast fibres).
Answers to Questions Within the Lesson(3)
1. Q. Which tissues are involved in movement in animals?
Ans: The tissues involved in movement in animals are muscular tissues.
2. Q. What is the structure of a neuron?
Ans: A neuron or nerve cell consists of a cell body and nerve processes. The cell body contains the nucleus and dense cytoplasm. From the nerve processes, one or more thread-like extensions arise.
3. Q. Write three characteristics of cardiac muscles.
Ans: The three characteristics of cardiac muscles are—
(i) Cardiac muscles show features of both striated and unstriated muscles.
(ii) Usually, each cell contains a single nucleus.
(iii) They can contract and relax continuously throughout the life of an organism without fatigue.
4. Q. What are the functions of areolar tissue?
Ans: The functions of areolar tissue are—It acts as a connecting tissue between two organs or between muscles. It is a true connective tissue having a network-like structure and is composed of different types of cells and fibres embedded in a ground substance.
Exercise: Questions and Answers
1. Q. Define “tissue.”
Ans: A tissue is a group of cells having a common origin, similar structure, and shape that perform a specific function.
2. Q. What are the components of xylem tissue? Mention their names.
Ans: The components of xylem tissue are—(i) Tracheids, (ii) Vessels, (iii) Xylem fibres, and (iv) Xylem parenchyma
3. Q. How are simple permanent tissues different from complex permanent tissues in plants?
Ans: A simple permanent tissue is a group of similar cells having the same structure, shape, and function. Examples are— Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma. On the other hand, a complex permanent tissue is made up of different types of cells having different structures and functions. Examples are— Xylem and Phloem.
4. Q. Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma on the basis of cell wall.
Ans:
Parenchyma: Cell wall is thin and made of cellulose.
Collenchyma: Cell wall is unevenly thickened at the corners.
Sclerenchyma: Cell wall is very thick and lignified.
5. Q. What are the functions of stomata?
Ans: The functions of stomata are gaseous exchange with the atmosphere and transpiration.
6. Q. Which tissues are involved in movement in animals?
Ans: See the answer to Q.1 of Exercise (3).
7. Q. What is the structure of a neuron?
Ans: See the answer to Q.2 of Exercise (3).
8. Q. Mention three characteristics of cardiac muscles.
Ans: See the answer to Q.3 of Exercise (3).
9. Q. What are the functions of areolar tissue?
Ans: See the answer to Q.4 of Exercise (3).
10. Q. Show the differences among different types of muscle fibres with the help of diagrams.
Ans: Voluntary or striated muscle: The muscles are long, cylindrical fibres. Animals can contract these muscles at will. Transverse striations are present.
Involuntary or unstriated muscle: The muscles are spindle-shaped fibres. They cannot be contracted or relaxed at will. No transverse striations are Cardiac muscle: The fibres are long, cylindrical, and branched. Functionally, they are involuntary muscles. Striations are present. They cannot be controlled voluntarily.
11. Q. What is the special function of cardiac muscles?
Ans: The special function of cardiac muscles is to contract and relax continuously throughout the lifetime of an organism.
12. Q. Differentiate between striated muscle, unstriated muscle, and cardiac muscle on the basis of structure and location.
Ans:
Striated muscle: Long, cylindrical, unbranched fibres; found attached to bones.
Unstriated muscle: Spindle-shaped fibres; found in walls of internal organs like stomach and intestine.
Cardiac muscle: Branched fibres; found in the heart.
13. Q. Draw a labelled diagram of a typical neuron.
Ans: Draw a labelled diagram of a typical neuron.
14. Q. Name the tissues in the following—(a) What tissue forms the lining of our mouth?
(b) Which tissue connects muscles to bones?
(c) Which tissue transports food in plants?
(d) What is the connective tissue with stored fat in our body?
(e) What is the connective tissue with a fluid matrix?
(f) Which tissue is present in the brain?
Ans:
(a) Squamous epithelial tissue.
(b) Tendon.
(c) Phloem tissue.
(d) Adipose tissue.
(e) Fluid connective tissue (blood).
(f) Nervous tissue.
15. Q. What tissue forms the inner lining of our mouth?
Ans: Squamous epithelial tissue.
16. Q. Name the tissues present in the following organs of animals—skin, bone, lining of kidney.
Ans: Skin – Squamous epithelial tissue.
Bone – Skeletal (connective) tissue.
Lining of kidney – Cuboidal epithelium.
17. Q. Complete the following table.
Additional Questions & Answers
1. Q. How many types of plant tissues are there and what are they? Write the definition of each.
Ans: Plant tissues are of two types. They are—(i) Meristematic tissue: The tissue formed by a group of actively dividing cells in the plant body is called meristematic tissue.
(ii) Permanent tissue: When meristematic tissues lose their power of division and take up a specific function, they are called permanent tissues.
2. Q. On the basis of location, into how many types are meristematic tissues divided and what are they? Mention their functions.
Ans: On the basis of location, meristematic tissues are divided into— (i)Apical meristem, (ii) Lateral meristem and (iii) Intercalary meristem. The functions of these are given below—
(i) Apical meristem: These tissues are present at the tips of roots and shoots and help in the increase in length of roots and shoots.
(ii) Lateral meristem: This tissue increases the girth of the stem.
(iii) Intercalary meristem: This tissue is found at the base of leaves or near the nodes of stems. It helps in the growth of internodes.
3. Q. On the basis of shape, nature, structure and function, into how many types are permanent tissues divided?
Ans: On the basis of shape, nature, structure and function, permanent tissues are divided into three types, namely— simple tissue, complex tissue, and special tissue.
4. Q. Mention the functions of simple permanent tissue and complex permanent tissue.
Ans: Functions of simple permanent tissue are— Chlorenchyma helps in photosynthesis. Aerenchyma helps aquatic plants to float in water. Collenchyma provides flexibility to the plant body.
Functions of complex permanent tissue are— Xylem and phloem form the conducting system of the plant. They help in the transport of various substances within the plant body.
5. Q. Into how many types are animal tissues divided?
Ans: Animal tissues are divided into four main types, namely— (i) Epithelial tissue, (ii) Connective tissue, (iii) Muscular tissue and (iv) Nervous tissue.
6. Q. What are the components of blood? Mention their functions.
Ans: The main components of blood are—
Plasma: Plasma transports digested food, respiratory gases and other essential substances throughout the body. It also helps in blood clotting and maintains water balance.
Red blood cells: With the help of haemoglobin, they carry oxygen from the air to the body cells.
White blood cells: They are involved in the defense mechanism of the body. They destroy harmful substances and invading pathogens.
Platelets: Platelets help in blood clotting.
7. Q. What is connective tissue? Describe its structure.
Ans: The tissue that connects and binds different organs and tissues of the animal body is called connective tissue.
The cells of connective tissue are embedded in a sticky matrix or ground substance. These cells are scattered in the matrix either singly or in groups.
8. Q. What is muscular tissue? Write the names of different types of muscular tissue.
Ans: Muscular tissue is a group of contractile and expandable muscle cells responsible for movement in the animal body.
Muscular tissues are of three types, namely— (i) Striated or voluntary muscle, (ii) Unstriated or involuntary muscle and (iii) Cardiac muscle.
9. Q. How many types of nervous system are there and what are they? Mention their functions.
Ans: The nervous system is of two types, namely— sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent).
Sensory (afferent) nerves transmit impulses from sense organs to the central nervous system.
Motor (efferent) nerves transmit impulses from the central nervous system to different organs.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)
1. What is a tissue?
(a) A group of similar cells performing a specific function
(b) A group of different organs
(c) A part of an organism
(d) A type of cell organelle
Ans: (a)
2. Who coined the term ‘tissue’?
(a) Robert Hooke
(b) Schleiden
(c) Bichat
(d) Virchow
Ans: (c)
3. How many main types of plant tissues are there?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
Ans: (b)
4. Which of the following is a meristematic tissue?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Apical meristem
(d) Xylem
Ans: (c)
5. Where is apical meristem found?
(a) Leaves
(b) Stem base
(c) Tips of roots and shoots
(d) Flowers
Ans: (c)
6. Which tissue increases the girth of a plant?
(a) Apical meristem
(b) Lateral meristem
(c) Intercalary meristem
(d) Parenchyma
Ans: (b)
7. Intercalary meristem is found at:
(a) Root tip
(b) Stem tip
(c) Node or base of leaves
(d) Flower
Ans: (c)
8. Permanent tissues arise from:
(a) Dead cells
(b) Meristematic tissues
(c) Organs
(d) Systems
Ans: (b)
9. Which of the following is a simple tissue?
(a) Xylem
(b) Phloem
(c) Parenchyma
(d) Blood
Ans: (c)
10. Which tissue helps in photosynthesis?
(a) Aerenchyma
(b) Chlorenchyma
(c) Collenchyma
(d) Sclerenchyma
Ans: (b)
11. Aerenchyma helps plants to:
(a) Grow faster
(b) Float in water
(c) Absorb nutrients
(d) Reproduce
Ans: (b)
12. Collenchyma provides:
(a) Transport
(b) Flexibility
(c) Storage
(d) Protection
Ans: (b)
13. Which tissue is responsible for conduction in plants?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Complex tissue
(d) Epidermis
Ans: (c)
14. Xylem transports:
(a) Food
(b) Water and minerals
(c) Hormones
(d) Oxygen
Ans: (b)
15. Phloem transports:
(a) Water
(b) Minerals
(c) Food
(d) Oxygen
Ans: (c)
16. Which is not a type of animal tissue?
(a) Epithelial
(b) Muscular
(c) Nervous
(d) Meristematic
Ans: (d)
17. Epithelial tissue mainly performs:
(a) Movement
(b) Protection
(c) Transport
(d) Coordination
Ans: (b)
18. Connective tissue connects:
(a) Cells
(b) Organs and tissues
(c) Systems
(d) Bones only
Ans: (b)
19. Blood is a type of:
(a) Epithelial tissue
(b) Muscular tissue
(c) Connective tissue
(d) Nervous tissue
Ans: (c)
20. Plasma is the:
(a) Solid part of blood
(b) Liquid part of blood
(c) Gas in blood
(d) Waste material
Ans: (b)
21. Red blood cells contain:
(a) Chlorophyll
(b) Haemoglobin
(c) Plasma
(d) Platelets
Ans: (b)
22. Function of RBC is to:
(a) Fight infection
(b) Clot blood
(c) Carry oxygen
(d) Store food
Ans: (c)
23. White blood cells help in:
(a) Digestion
(b) Protection
(c) Transport
(d) Movement
Ans: (b)
24. Platelets help in:
(a) Oxygen transport
(b) Blood clotting
(c) Digestion
(d) Movement
Ans: (b)
25. Muscular tissue helps in:
(a) Digestion
(b) Movement
(c) Protection
(d) Thinking
Ans: (b)
26. How many types of muscles are there?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
Ans: (c)
27. Which muscle is voluntary?
(a) Cardiac
(b) Smooth
(c) Striated
(d) All
Ans: (c)
28. Which muscle is involuntary?
(a) Striated
(b) Smooth
(c) Skeletal
(d) Voluntary
Ans: (b)
29. Cardiac muscle is found in:
(a) Brain
(b) Lungs
(c) Heart
(d) Liver
Ans: (c)
30. Nervous tissue is responsible for:
(a) Movement
(b) Coordination
(c) Protection
(d) Storage
Ans: (b)
31. The unit of nervous tissue is:
(a) Nephron
(b) Neuron
(c) Axon
(d) Cell
Ans: (b)
32. Sensory nerves carry impulses:
(a) From brain to body
(b) From body to brain
(c) Within organs
(d) Outside body
Ans: (b)
33. Motor nerves carry impulses:
(a) From body to brain
(b) From brain to body
(c) Within cells
(d) Outside body
Ans: (b)
34. Which tissue stores food in plants?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Xylem
(c) Phloem
(d) Collenchyma
Ans: (a)
35. Which plant tissue is dead at maturity?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma
(d) Meristem
Ans: (c)
36. Sclerenchyma provides:
(a) Flexibility
(b) Strength
(c) Transport
(d) Growth
Ans: (b)
37. Which tissue is responsible for growth in plants?
(a) Permanent tissue
(b) Meristematic tissue
(c) Complex tissue
(d) Simple tissue
Ans: (b)
38. Which of the following is a complex tissue?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Xylem
(d) Chlorenchyma
Ans: (c)
39. The main function of epithelial tissue is:
(a) Movement
(b) Protection and covering
(c) Transport
(d) Storage
Ans: (b)
40. Connective tissue matrix is:
(a) Empty
(b) Liquid or solid supporting substance
(c) Air
(d) Muscle fiber
Ans: (b)
