If you’re a Class XI student looking for reliable AHSEC Class 11 Political Science Chapter 11 Political Theory: An Introduction (English Medium) notes to boost your exam preparation, this specially designed Ready Guide is just what you need. It brings together carefully selected question–answer sets crafted by experienced educators. The explanations are clear, simple, and easy to remember, making your learning smoother and more effective. Start your preparation with us and move confidently toward academic success.
Section-B Political Theory
Selected Questions & Answers
A. Very Short Answer Type Questions: (Marks for each – 1)
1. From where has the word ‘Politics’ originated?
Ans: From the Greek word ‘Polis.’
2. What is the meaning of the word ‘Polis’?
Ans: City-state.
3. Who is called the father of Political Science?
Ans: Aristotle.
4. In ancient Greece, what was meant by the term ‘Politics’?
Ans: In ancient Greece, the term “Politics” was used to refer to the study or discussion related to the city-state.
5. What is the name of the book written by Aristotle on politics?
Ans: Politics.
6. Who called Political Science the ‘supreme science’?
Ans: Aristotle.
7. Who described Political Science as a “progressive science”?
Ans: James Bryce.
8. What is the practical aspect of Political Science?
Ans: Politics.
9. Who mentioned the spiritualization of politics?
Ans: Mahatma Gandhi.
10. What is the name of the book written by Mahatma Gandhi aboutSwaraj?
Ans: ‘Hind Swaraj’.
11. Who said, “Politics is the process of making governmental policies”?
Ans: David Easton.
12. Who is the author of the book ‘Republic’?
Ans: Plato.
13. From which language has the word ‘Liber’ originated?
Ans: Latin.
14. Who said, “The study of Political Science begins and ends with the State”?
Ans: J. W. Garner.
15. What is meant by “positive liberty”?
Ans: Freedom with restrictions.
16. What is the meaning of the word ‘Liber’?
Ans: Free.
17. Who said, “Liberty is opposed to excessive government”?
Ans: John Robert Seeley.
18. The idea of “General Will” belongs to which thinker?
Ans: Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
19. Who gave the famous definition of democracy?
Ans: Abraham Lincoln.
20. Who is the father of Scientific Socialism?
Ans: Karl Marx.
21. According to Plato, what should be the population of an ideal state?
Ans: 5040 persons.
22. Who said, “The basis of the state is not force but will”?
Ans: T. H. Green.
23. Who said, “Man is by nature a social animal”?
Ans: Aristotle.
24. Do the people of India have the Right to Information?
Ans: Yes.
B. Short Questions and Answers: (Marks for each – 2)
1. Mention two differences between Politics and Political Science.
Ans: There are some differences between Politics and Political Science.
These are:
(a) The scope of Political Science is broader. It includes both the theoretical and practical aspects of politics. On the other hand, Politics refers only to the practical aspect of Political Science.
(b) Political Science is a discipline or science. It is associated with systematic study. On the other hand, Politics is related to the actual process of governing a country and involves real situations of conflict, cooperation, and competition.
2. Write two differences between the Indian and the Greek approaches to political theory.
Ans: Two differences between the Indian and the Greek approaches to political theory are:
(a) According to the Indian approach, the state is a human institution and is believed to have originated from a security-based agreement or social contract. In contrast, the Greek approach considers the state to be a natural institution.
(b) In the Indian approach, the state and government are considered two separate institutions. But in the Greek approach, the state and government are treated as the same, with little or no distinction between them.
3. Mention two problems of modern political theory.
Ans: Two problems of modern political theory are:
(a) There is a lack of universally accepted theories in modern political theory.
(b) Social values have very little place in modern political theory.
4. According to the traditional approach, mention two main subject matters of Political Science.
Ans: According to the traditional approach, the two main subject matters of Political Science are the State and the Government.
C. Medium Answer Type Questions: (Marks for each – 4)
1. Explain the statement: “The success of democracy requires vigilant citizens.”
Ans: The statement “The success of democracy requires vigilant citizens” is very significant. Democracy is a system of government in which the people are the ultimate authority in governing the country. The people elect their representatives through democratic methods, and these elected representatives govern on behalf of the people. However, sometimes representatives may become authoritarian due to the attraction of power. To prevent such misuse of power, every citizen of the country should remain alert and vigilant. Secondly, citizens must uphold democratic ideals. Only when citizens have proper knowledge about democratic principles and values can they understand their importance and realize their role as political beings.
Thirdly, in a democracy, every citizen is responsible. Democratic values can survive only when citizens are educated, aware, active, and responsible. Therefore, vigilant citizens are essential for the success of democracy.
D. Essay Type Questions & Answers: (Marks for each – 6)
1. Discuss the scope (subject matter) of Political Science.
Ans: Political Science is the science that deals with government and its activities. Political Science includes the following subjects:
(a) Political Science explains the main subjects of political theory such as the origin, nature, and elements of the state. It also discusses government, government policies, functions of government, separation of powers, the exercise of power, and the theories related to welfare policies of the government.
(b) Political Science also studies the methods of acquiring power and the different types of power.
(c) Political theory includes the discussion of different political ideologies such as socialism, individualism, and liberalism.
(d) Political theory also provides a systematic analysis of actual political events and developments.
(e) Besides discussing the various theoretical aspects of the state, Political Science also studies different welfare organizations, institutions, and agencies created for the benefit of the people.
2. Discuss the necessity of studying Political Theory.
Ans: Since human beings are political animals, it is necessary to study political theory.
The reasons are as follows:
(a) Political thinkers develop new theories, concepts, principles, and ideas. The study of political theory helps us to become familiar with these new theories and ideas.
(b) Political theory helps us to find solutions to various political, social, and economic problems.
(c) As citizens of a democratic state, by studying political theory, we can gain knowledge about the policies, ideals, system of governance, and political parties of the state.
(d) Political theory helps in the creation of new ideas and concepts.
(e) Political theory helps us to gain systematic knowledge about equality and justice.
