Class 12 Physics MCQ Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Boost your AHSEC board exam preparation with our Class 12 Physics MCQ Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance English Medium resource. This article contains a comprehensive set of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers, specially designed for Higher Secondary students seeking effective revision and practice.
In this chapter, students explore important concepts such as electrostatic potential, potential difference, equipotential surfaces, electric potential energy, capacitors, capacitance, combinations of capacitors, energy stored in a capacitor, and dielectrics. These topics are essential for understanding Electrostatics and frequently appear in AHSEC board examinations and competitive entrance tests.
The MCQs are prepared according to the latest AHSEC syllabus and examination pattern, ensuring that students practice relevant and exam-oriented questions. By solving these objective questions regularly, students can strengthen their conceptual understanding, improve numerical problem-solving skills, and gain confidence in tackling Physics questions during examinations.
Whether you are revising key formulas or testing your knowledge before the exam, these Chapter 2 MCQ solutions will help you identify important topics and maximize your scoring potential in Physics.
Part: I
Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
VSA & MCQ
I. Very Short Answer Questions
Q. What is electrostatic potential?
Ans: Electrostatic potential is the work done per unit charge in bringing a test charge from infinity to a point, V = W / q.
Q. What is the SI unit of potential?
Ans: Volt (V).
Q. Define potential difference.
Ans: Potential difference is the work done per unit charge between two points.
Q. What is 1 volt?
Ans: 1 V = 1 J/C.
Q. What is electric potential due to a point charge?
Ans: V = (1 / (4πε₀)) × (q / r).
Q. What is the relation between electric field and potential?
Ans: E = − dV / dr.
Q. Is potential a scalar or vector?
Ans: Scalar.
Q. Define equipotential surface.
Ans: A surface where potential is constant.
Q. What is work done on an equipotential surface?
Ans: Zero.
Q. What is the shape of equipotential surfaces for a point charge?
Ans: Spherical.
Q. What is capacitance?
Ans: Capacitance is the charge stored per unit potential, C = Q / V.
Q. What is the SI unit of capacitance?
Ans: Farad (F).
Q. Define 1 farad.
Ans: 1 F = 1 C/V.
Q. What is a capacitor?
Ans: A device used to store electric charge.
Q. What is the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor?
Ans: C = ε₀A / d.
Q. What is the effect of dielectric on capacitance?
Ans: It increases capacitance by factor K.
Q. Define dielectric constant.
Ans: K = ε / ε₀.
Q. What is energy stored in a capacitor?
Ans: U = (1/2)CV².
Q. Write another form of energy equation.
Ans: U = (1/2)QV.
Q. What is electric potential energy?
Ans: Energy due to position in an electric field.
Q. What is potential due to dipole (far field)?
Ans: V = (1 / (4πε₀)) × (p cosθ / r²).
Q. What is relation between E and V in uniform field?
Ans: V = −Ed.
Q. What is combination of capacitors in series?
Ans: 1/C = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + …
Q. What is combination of capacitors in parallel?
Ans: C = C₁ + C₂ + …
Q. What happens to capacitance if distance increases?
Ans: Capacitance decreases.
Q. What happens if area increases?
Ans: Capacitance increases.
Q. What is dielectric polarization?
Ans: Alignment of dipoles in a dielectric.
Q. What is electric dipole potential at equatorial line?
Ans: Zero.
Q. What is breakdown of dielectric?
Ans: Failure of insulating property under high field.
Q. What is electrostatic shielding?
Ans: Protection using conducting enclosure.
II. Multiple Choice Questions
Q. Unit of potential is:
(a) Volt
(b) Ampere
(c) Ohm
(d) Watt
Ans: (a)
Q. Potential is a:
(a) Vector
(b) Scalar
(c) Tensor
(d) Force
Ans: (b)
Q. Work done on equipotential surface is:
(a) Maximum
(b) Minimum
(c) Zero
(d) Infinite
Ans: (c)
Q. Capacitance depends on:
(a) Area
(b) Distance
(c) Medium
(d) All of these
Ans: (d)
Q. Unit of capacitance is:
(a) Coulomb
(b) Farad
(c) Volt
(d) Joule
Ans: (b)
Q. Energy stored in capacitor is:
(a) CV²
(b) (1/2)CV²
(c) 2CV²
(d) V²/C
Ans: (b)
Q. Dielectric increases:
(a) Charge
(b) Voltage
(c) Capacitance
(d) Resistance
Ans: (c)
Q. Equipotential surfaces are:
(a) Parallel to field
(b) Perpendicular to field
(c) Random
(d) Circular only
Ans: (b)
Q. In series combination, capacitance:
(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Same
(d) Zero
Ans: (b)
Q. In parallel combination, capacitance:
(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Same
(d) Zero
Ans: (b)
Q. Assertion: Potential is scalar. Reason: It has magnitude only.
(a) Both true, reason correct
(b) Both true, reason incorrect
(c) Assertion true, reason false
(d) Both false
Ans: (a)
Q. Assertion: Work done on equipotential surface is zero. Reason: No potential difference.
(a) Both true, reason correct
(b) Both true, reason incorrect
(c) Assertion true, reason false
(d) Both false
Ans: (a)
Q. Assertion: Capacitance increases with area. Reason: C ∝ A.
(a) Both true, reason correct
(b) Both true, reason incorrect
(c) Assertion true, reason false
(d) Both false
Ans: (a)
Q. Assertion: Dielectric increases capacitance. Reason: It reduces electric field.
(a) Both true, reason correct
(b) Both true, reason incorrect
(c) Assertion true, reason false
(d) Both false
Ans: (a)
Q. Assertion: Equipotential surfaces never intersect. Reason: Potential cannot have two values.
(a) Both true, reason correct
(b) Both true, reason incorrect
(c) Assertion true, reason false
(d) Both false
Ans: (a)
Q. Assertion: Capacitance depends on charge. Reason: C = Q/V.
(a) Both true
(b) Both false
(c) Assertion true, reason false
(d) Assertion false, reason true
Ans: (d)
Q. Assertion: Energy stored is positive. Reason: Work is done to charge capacitor.
(a) Both true, reason correct
(b) Both true, reason incorrect
(c) Assertion true, reason false
(d) Both false
Ans: (a)
