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Class 12 Education Chapter 6 Mental Health and Mental Hygiene
Selected Questions-Answers
A. Fill in the blanks: (Marks for each – 1)
1. Mental hygiene is — and mental health is —.
Ans: Means, end.
2. Mental hygiene is most closely associated with — and least associated with —.
Ans: Health, illness.
3. The aim of mental hygiene is —.
Ans: To maintain mental well-being.
4. The three aspects of mental hygiene are: preventive, curative and —.
Ans: Preservative.
5. A person’s mental health depends upon his ability to adjust with—.
Ans: The social environment.
6. Mental hygiene is the process of protecting — mental health.
Ans: An individual’s.
7. Mental hygiene helps in the development of a — personality.
Ans: Strong.
8. Curing mental illness is the — function of mental hygiene. H. S. ’16
Ans: Curative.
9. Through social adjustment, a person’s — health is determined.
Ans: Mental.
10. For the protection of mental health, mental hygiene is a —.
Ans: Process.
11. Treatment of mental illness is the — of mental hygiene.
Ans: Function.
12. Counselling is the — function of mental hygiene.
Ans: Preservative.
B. State whether True or False: (Marks for each – 1)
1. Heredity has no influence on mental illness.
Ans: False.
2. A mentally healthy person is emotionally stable.
Ans: True.
3. Mental hygiene is the end and mental health is the means. H. S.’17
Ans: False.
4. A physically healthy person may not be mentally healthy. H. S.’18
Ans: True.
5. A mentally healthy person may fail to adjust properly in society.
Ans: False.
6. Mental hygiene is related to the cure of mental diseases.
Ans: True.
7. Balanced mental and physical health is a necessary condition for mental health.
Ans: True.
8. Protecting mental health is the function of mental health.
Ans: True.
9. Mental health is an idealistic concept.
Ans: True.
10. A mentally healthy person possesses a stable personality.
Ans: True.
11. Mental diseases are curative.
Ans: True.
C. Short Answer Type Questions: (Marks for each – 2)
1. Define mental hygiene.
Ans: “Mental hygiene is the science concerned with the preservation of mental health and the prevention of mental disorders.” – Hadfield.
2. Write two aims of mental hygiene.
Ans: The two aims of mental hygiene are—
(a) To help in understanding the problems of mental health.
(b) To identify the causes of mental illness and to provide measures for their treatment.
3. What is the preservative function of mental hygiene? H. S. ’18
Or
What do you mean by the preservative functions of mental hygiene? H. S. ’15
Ans: The preservative activities of mental hygiene systematically provide knowledge about the importance of mental health and the measures, techniques and processes necessary for its preservation. The main objective of this function is to promote the welfare of human life and society.
4. Mention three functions of mental hygiene.
Ans: The three functions of mental hygiene are—
(a) Preventive function: The main function of mental hygiene is to prevent illness and problems related to personality development and adjustment.
(b) Curative function: Mental hygiene helps in understanding the therapeutic techniques related to the protection of health.
(c) Preservative function: Mental hygiene helps in understanding the importance of mental health and the measures necessary for its preservation.
5. Mention one social quality of a mentally healthy person. H. S.’16
Ans: One social quality of a mentally healthy person is healthy social adjustment.
6. Discuss the preventive functions of mental hygiene. H. S. ’17
Ans: The main function of mental hygiene is to remove mental illness and problems related to personality development and adjustment. For this purpose, preventive programmes such as proper nutrition, prior education, development of emotional and social needs, and training in work education should be undertaken.
5. “Mental health is a relative concept.” Justify. H. S. ’16
Ans: Mental health refers to the state of being mentally sound. It is the expression of the harmonious functioning of an individual’s total personality. It is related to a person’s habits, social adjustment and environment. With changes in environment and knowledge, mental health also changes. Therefore, mental health is a relative concept.
6. Write any two principles of environmental education.
Ans: The two principles of environmental education are—
(a) The principle of value development.
(b) The principle of continuous education.
D. Answer in Detail: (Marks for each – 4/5)
1. Describe the scope of mental hygiene. H.S. ’19
Ans: The scope of mental hygiene at present is not confined only to psychiatry; rather, its application has expanded to various other fields. Mental hygiene particularly includes aspects such as an individual’s education and training, formulation of rules and procedures for the protection of mental health, prevention of the development of mental illnesses, identification of mental disorders and taking measures to prevent them. With the change in the standard of living of people, its scope has also become broader and more comprehensive.
2. Why is mental hygiene necessary?
Or
Write the important objectives of mental hygiene. H. S. ’18
Ans: Mental hygiene has special importance. Without sound mental health, no person can lead a peaceful and happy life. Therefore, in order to realize its significance, knowledge of mental hygiene is essential for all of us. Generally, mental hygiene is necessary for the following reasons—
(a) It helps in realizing the importance of mental health.
(b) It helps in understanding the techniques of keeping oneself mentally healthy.
(c) It helps in knowing the characteristics of mentally healthy persons.
(d) It suggests ways to overcome mental problems.
3. Discuss the role of the school in maintaining the mental health of children. H. S. ’15, ’20
Ans: At present, educationists, educational psychologists and psychiatrists have emphasized the importance of schools in maintaining the mental healthof children. For the proper development of a child’s mental health, the school should adopt the following measures—
(a) Formation of good habits: Mental health always depends on good behaviour and habits. Therefore, special steps should be taken in schools to develop good conduct among children.
(b) Discipline: Discipline plays a significant role in maintaining mental health in schools. It regulates the external behaviour and internal self-control of children and helps in shaping a well-developed personality.
(c) Affectionate behaviour: The polite and affectionate behaviour of teachers plays an important role in shaping the mental health of students. If ateacher is impartial and ideal in character, it greatly influences the students.
(d) Educational guidance: Proper educational guidance given to children greatly helps in maintaining their mental health.
(e) Vocational guidance: In recent times, schools must play an important role from the school level itself in developing vocational skills for building students’ mental health.
4. Mention four characteristics of a mentally healthy person. H. S. ’20
Or
What do you mean by mental health? Mention two important characteristics of mental health. H. S. ’15, ’17
Ans: Persons who are free from mental diseases and lead a good life with healthy adjustment to their environment are called mentally healthy persons. The characteristics of a mentally healthy person are—
(a) A mentally healthy person does not face problems in the process of adjustment.
(b) Such a person remains free from mental illness and unrest.
(c) Such a person is mentally strong.
(d) Such a person is emotionally stable.
(e) A mentally healthy person possesses a strong personality.
5. Explain the relationship between mental health and physical health. H. S. ’16
Ans: Health refers to the state of being physically and mentally sound. There is a close relationship between mental health and physical health. Each influences the other. When a person becomes physically ill, his thinking, consciousness and ideas may become weak. Again, when a person is mentally ill, it may affect the body. A mentally weak person is often seen to be careless about his physical health. As a result, physical weakness may develop.
6. Show the relationship between education and mental hygiene by mentioning two aspects. H. S. ’18, ’20
Ans: There is a relationship between education and mental hygiene. The two aspects of this relationship are—
(a) To develop students as mentally healthy individuals, they must be made aware of mental health. For this, education should provide knowledge about a healthy environment, social adjustment, nutritious food, etc.
(b) To make students mentally healthy, they should be given education regarding proper conduct, formation of good habits, discipline, love and affection, and respect for elders.
7. Mental health depends upon the proper satisfaction of our needs. Explain. H. S. ’18
Ans: Mental health is related to both the body and the mind of an individual. If the body remains healthy, a person can easily remain mentally healthy. Mental health is influenced by various factors such as deprivation, abundance and emotional aspects. For example, if a person suffers from financial poverty, his mind may remain disturbed and he may often fail to take stable decisions. In this way, when we are deprived of the necessities of daily life, both mind and body fail to attain satisfaction and suffer from anxiety. Suffering from anxiety is a sign of mental weakness. Therefore, mental health depends upon the proper satisfaction of our needs.
8. Even a mentally healthy person needs mental hygiene. Give reasons. H. S. ’16, ’20
Ans: Even a mentally healthy person needs mental hygiene because health is not static; it is a continuous process. It is related to our habits, food, environment, proper education and various other factors.
A mentally healthy person also requires mental hygiene because if he is deprived of fulfilling his daily needs, his mind may become disturbed. As a result, changes may occur in his thinking and behaviour. Therefore, education is necessary so that no adverse situation can negatively affect our mentality. Such education includes training in healthy food habits, creation of a suitable environment and social adjustment.
