Session 5: Manual and Power Steering System
Module: 4 Suspension System
Textual Question-Answers
Check Your Progress
Fill in the blanks
1. In the …………. type of steering gear, a worm and roller shaftmechanism is used for manual steering.
Ans: worm and roller.
2. Rack and pinion type steering gear occupies less space and usesfewer ………… components.
Ans: mechanical.
3. Hydraulic operated power steering uses a centrifugal pump drivenby the engine’s …………….
Ans: crankshaft.
4. Air suspension is often used in heavy vehicles such as ……………and trucks.
Ans: buses.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. What is the purpose of power steering in a vehicle?
a) Decrease road stability
b) Reduce steering efforts for the driver
c) Increase mechanical efforts
d) Improve fuel efficiency
Ans: b) Reduce steering efforts for the driver
2. In the Rack and Pinion type steering gear, what is used to connectthe steering wheel to the steering rack?
a) Worm shaft
b) Pinion bearing
c) Cross shaft
d) Tie rod ends
Ans: d) Tie rod ends
3. Which type of power steering operates by pressurizing fluidthrough a centrifugal pump?
a) Electronic power assisted steering
b) Hydraulic operated power steering
c) Manual steering
d) Worm and roller shaft steering
Ans: b) Hydraulic operated power steering
4. Which component of the EPS system detects the position andtorque of the steering column?
a) Worm shaft
b) Steering wheel
c) Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
d) Pinion bearing
Ans: c) Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
Answer the following questions
1. Describe the procedure for servicing of the manual steering system.
Ans: Inspect the steering wheel free play, check steering gear box for wearand leakage, lubricate all joints and linkages, adjust steering gear backlash, and tighten all fasteners.
2. Describe the procedure for servicing of rack and pinion type ofsteering.
Ans: Raise the vehicle, inspect rack boots for damage, check tie rods andball joints for play, lubricate components, adjust rack preload if required, andreplace worn parts.
3. State the types of powers used in operation of power steering.
Ans: Hydraulic power, electric power, and electro-hydraulic power.
4. Describe the procedure for inspection of power steering.
Ans: Check power steering fluid level, inspect hoses and connections forleakage, examine belt condition and tension, test steering effort, and listen forabnormal noises.
5. Describe principle of working of air suspension system.
Ans: Air suspension works by using compressed air stored in air springsto support vehicle load, where air pressure is adjusted automatically to maintainride height and comfort.
6. What is function of steering in vehicle?
Ans: Steering allows the driver to control vehicle direction, maintainstability, and ensure safe maneuvering.
7. Write the name of components of steering system.
Ans: Steering wheel, steering column, steering gear box, rack and pinion, tie rods, drag link, ball joints, and steering knuckle.
8. In modern vehicle which types of steering systems are used?
Ans: Rack and pinion steering, hydraulic power steering, electric powersteering, and electro-hydraulic steering.
9. What are limitations of manual steering?
Ans: Requires high steering effort, causes driver fatigue, difficult handlingat low speeds, and unsuitable for heavy vehicles.
10. What are advantages of power steering over manual steering?
Ans: Reduced driver effort, improved comfort, better control at lowspeeds, and safer vehicle handling.
Activity
1. In automobile different types of steering are used. Make a list oftypes of steering
Ans:
S. No. Type of steering
1. Manual steering
2. Hydraulic power steering
3. Electric power steering
4. Rack and pinion steering
5. Make a list of steps followed for servicing of rack and pinion typeof steering
Ans:
S. No. Step
1. Lift the vehicle and secure it safely
2. Inspect rack, pinion, and tie rods for wear
3. Check and lubricate moving parts
4. Replace damaged components and test steering operation.
