Class 12 Political Science Chapter 6 International Organizations
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Selected Questions-Answers
1. Very Short Answer Questions Each carries 1 marka)
a) There are permanent members in the Security Council of theUnited Nations Fill in the blank H S ’17
Ans: 5
b) What is meant by veto power?
Ans: Veto power refers to the authority of a permanent member state ofthe United Nations Security Council to oppose and thereby block the adoptionof any substantive resolution.
c) What is the main objective of the United Nations?
Ans: To maintain international peace and security
d) Write one weakness of NGOs.
Ans: NGOs cannot independently take binding decisions.
e) When was the League of Nations formed?
Ans: In 1920
f) Who said “Jaw jaw is better than war war”?
Ans: Winston Churchill
g) When was the United Nations established?
Ans: On 24 October 1945
h) How many countries signed the UN Charter at the time of itsestablishment?
Ans: 51 member states
i) What is the full form of IAEA?
Ans: International Atomic Energy Agency
j) How many member states are there in the United Nations atpresent
Ans: 192
k) Who was the first Secretary General of the United Nations?
Ans: Trygve Lie
l) On which day is United Nations Day observed?
Ans: 24 October
m) Name the country that is the largest contributor to the UnitedNations.
Ans: United States
n) In which year did the United Nations establish the PeacebuildingFund?
Ans: In 2006
o) Who was the first woman President of the UN General Assembly?
Ans: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
p) Who are referred to as the Big Three?
Ans: Franklin D Roosevelt Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalinq) What is the highest deliberative body of the United Nations? H S’16
q) What is the highest deliberative body of the United Nations? H S’16
Ans: The General Assembly
r) When was the Peacebuilding Commission established ?H S ’13
Ans: In 2005
s) What is the relevance of the United Nations in a unipolar world?
Ans: The United Nations can play an important role in maintaining peaceand security.
t) When did India become a member of the United Nations?
Ans: In 1945
u) When was Amnesty International established?
Ans: Amnesty International was established in 1961 in London
v) When was Human Rights Watch formed?
Ans: Human Rights Watch was formed in 1978
w) By what name was Human Rights Watch previously known?
Ans: It was previously known as Helsinki Watch
x) Where is the headquarters of Human Rights Watch?
Ans: In New York City
y) When was the International Atomic Energy Agency formed?
Ans: On 29 July 1957
z) In 2011 in which country did a nuclear plant explosion causeheavy loss of life?
Ans: Japan
aa) Name the two countries that have received the highest loansfrom the World Bank?
Ans: India and China
ab) Where is the headquarters of the World Trade Organization?Ans: World Trade Organization is headquartered in Geneva Switzerlandac) What is the full form of UNO?
Ans: United Nations Organization
ad) What is the full form of UNESCO?
Ans: UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational Scientific andCultural Organization
ae) How many countries signed the UN Charter? H S ’15Ans: 51
af) When was the World Bank established? H S ’12
Ans: World Bank was established in 1945
ag) How many permanent and non permanent members are therein the UN Security Council? H S ’14
Ans: 5 permanent members and 10 non permanent members
ah) Where was the first SAARC Summit held? H S ’20
Ans: In Dhaka
ai) The Rio Summit approved the development programme calledAgenda 21 Write ‘yes’ or ‘no’. H S ’19
Ans: Yes
2. Short Answer Questions (Each carries 2 marks)
a) What is the necessity of international organizations?
Ans: International organizations are necessary to maintain global peaceeliminate the possibility of war and resolve international disputes throughdialogue and negotiation.
b) Is the United Nations a super state Give reasons?
Ans: The United Nations cannot be described as a super state because it is not a sovereign authority. It cannot exercise supreme power over its memberstates. It functions on the consent and cooperation of its members.
c) Name the permanent members of the UN Security Council.
Ans: The permanent members are the United States Russia the UnitedKingdom France and China.
d) Mention two privileges enjoyed by the permanent members ofthe Security Council.
Ans: First they have the right to exercise veto power. Second by usingveto power they can block the implementation of important resolutions.
e) Name two organizations working globally for the protection ofhuman rights.
Ans: Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch.
f) What is the significance of the United Nations in the contemporaryworld? H S ’19
Ans: The United Nations remains significant in resolving international disputes through peaceful means reducing the chances of war and maintaining global peace.
g) Name two UN bodies related to social and economic issues.
Ans: The Economic and Social Council and the International LabourOrganization.
h) What is India’s position on disarmament?
Ans: India believes in peace and non violence and opposes the use ofweapons. As a peace loving nation it consistently supports global disarmament.
i) Write about the composition of the Security Council?
Ans: The Security Council is a powerful organ of the United Nationsconsisting of 5 permanent members and 10 non permanent members.
j) When was the World Bank established Mention any one of itsfunctions? H S ’20
Ans: It was established in 1945. One of its main functions is to provideloans and grants to member countries for infrastructure development.
3 Medium Answer Type Questions (Each carries 4 marks)
a) Write the functions of the Security Council.
Ans: The Security Council is one of the principal organs of the UnitedNations. Its functions include discussing and investigating disputes amongmember states and recommending peaceful settlements. A permanent membermay block a decision by using veto power. It recommends the admission ofnew members to the United Nations. Its approval is also necessary for theexpulsion of a member state.
b) Do you support India’s demand for permanent membership inthe Security Council Give reasons ? H S ’16, ’18
Ans: India’s claim for permanent membership is justified for several reasons. India is the largest democracy in the world and upholds democraticvalues. It is the second most populous country. India contributes regularly tothe UN budget. It is also one of the fastest growing economies and holds asignificant position in Asia. Therefore India’s demand is reasonable.
c) Write a note on the World Bank or When was it establishedDiscuss its functions. H S ’19
Ans: The World Bank was established in 1945 after the end of the SecondWorld War. Its main functions include providing loans and grants forinfrastructure development agriculture human resource development rural development and environmental protection. It also promotes long term balancein international trade and supports reconstruction and development throughfinancial assistance.
d) What changes occurred in the world after the Cold War?Ans: After 1991 major political military and economic changes occurred.
The United States emerged as a dominant power. China advanced rapidly ineconomic development. Asian economies grew significantly. Liberal democracy expanded and monarchy ended in Nepal. Cooperation developedbetween former socialist states and the United States.
e) Write the functions of Amnesty International.
Ans: Amnesty International was formed in 1961. Its functions includeprotecting the rights of women children and indigenous people opposingphysical and mental torture campaigning against the death penaltysafeguarding refugee rights ensuring prisoners’ rights and promoting humandignity.
f) Do you think the United Nations is an indispensable international organization Give reasons? H S ’13
Ans: The United Nations was established after the Second World War tomaintain peace and order. Since then it has played a vital role in peaceful dispute resolution and international cooperation. Many global challengesrequire collective efforts and the United Nations facilitates such cooperation.
For example certain diseases have been eradicated through coordinatedinternational action under UN initiatives. Therefore it can be regarded as anindispensable international organization.
4. Essay Type Questions (Each carries 6 marks)
a) Write a note on the Trusteeship Council of the United Nations.
Ans: The Trusteeship Council is a specialized organ of the United Nations. The UN Charter assigned it responsibility for administering certain trust territories and promoting their political economic social and educational advancement. It consisted of three categories of members those administeringtrust territories the permanent members of the Security Council and memberselected by the General Assembly. Its primary objective was to ensure theoverall development and self governance of trust territories. However most
trust territories gained independence and after Palau achieved independencein 1994 the Council suspended operations as it had no remaining territoriesunder trusteeship.
b) What changes took place in the United Nations after the ColdWar?
Ans: After the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Unionin 1991 global politics underwent transformation. The United Nations adaptedits approach by focusing more on peacekeeping disarmament anddevelopment initiatives. Greater emphasis was placed on collective securityand economic assistance to developing countries. The influence of smallerand regional powers increased while ideological rivalry between superpowers declined.
c) Discuss the reform and future of the United Nations or Brieflywrite about the need for UN reforms. H S ’20, ’17
Ans: The United Nations was created to maintain peace and order afterthe Second World War and has played a significant role in conflict resolutionand development. However global dynamics have changed and newchallenges have emerged. Therefore structural and procedural reforms arenecessary particularly in the Security Council. Many argue that the vetosystem requires reform and that major democratic countries such as Indiashould be granted permanent membership. Despite limitations the UnitedNations remains relevant for maintaining global peace stability and promotingeconomic progress. Hence reform is essential to strengthen its effectivenessin the future.
